In the growing wave of sustainable living, biodegradable and compostable bags have become buzzwords. But while many think they’re the same, the truth is: not all biodegradable bags are compostable and assuming so can be both misleading and environmentally harmful.
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Choosing the Best Compostable Bags – A Practical Guide for Eco-Conscious Users
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Are Paper Bags Compostable? A Comprehensive Guide to Sustainable Packaging
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Compostable vs biodegradable: What is the difference?
Biodegradable vs. Compostable: What’s the Real Difference?
A biodegradable bag is made to break down over time through natural processes, but the catch is: there’s no standard timeframe, and it may leave behind harmful microplastics.
Meanwhile, a compostable bag is certified to fully decompose within 90–180 days into water, carbon dioxide, and nutrient-rich biomass with zero toxic residue but only under specific composting conditions.
Bottom line: All compostable bags are biodegradable, but not all biodegradable bags are compostable.
Why This Confusion Matters
Biodegradable ≠ Eco-Friendly by Default
Many “biodegradable” bags include oxo-degradable plastics that break into microplastics when exposed to sunlight or heat. These fragments don’t disappear they pollute soil and water, harming wildlife and ecosystems.
Moreover, because "biodegradable" isn’t tightly regulated, manufacturers can label a product biodegradable without clear accountability.
Landfills Aren’t the Answer
Even if a bag is technically biodegradable, when it ends up in a landfill an environment lacking oxygen and sunlight it won’t decompose properly. Worse yet, it may release methane, a potent greenhouse gas.
What Makes a Bag Truly Compostable?
To be labeled compostable, a bag must meet strict certifications like:
- ASTM D6400 (North America)
- EN 13432 (Europe)
- BPI Certification (Biodegradable Products Institute)
These standards ensure that the bag:
- Breaks down completely within 180 days
- Leaves no harmful residue
- Supports plant growth after composting (via seed germination tests)
Industrial vs. Home Composting
- Industrial composting facilities reach 55–60°C and maintain airflow, moisture, and microbes ideal for breaking down compostable plastics.
- Home compostable bags are tested to degrade in backyard composts, but they’re less common and often take longer.
Tip: Always check for “Home Compostable” labels if you plan to compost at home.
What Are Compostable Bags Made Of?
Unlike plastic, compostable bags are made from renewable, plant-based materials, such as:
- PLA (Polylactic Acid) from corn or sugarcane
- PBAT, a biodegradable polymer
- Starch blends, like cornstarch or tapioca starch
- Bagasse, a sugarcane by-product
These materials ensure the bag can safely return to the earth, without polluting it.
How Do Compostable Bags Break Down?
When placed in the right composting conditions:
- Microorganisms break down the bag
- Heat and moisture accelerate the process
- Within 3–6 months, the bag fully disappears into CO₂, water, and organic matter
In contrast, a typical biodegradable plastic bag can take years to degrade and might still leave synthetic residue.
Best Compostable Trash Bags You Can Trust
Here are a few compostable bag brands that meet global standards and perform well for home, office, or F&B use:
1. HoldOn Compostable Bags
- BPI Certified
- Home & industrial compostable
- Corn-based + strong for kitchen waste
2. UNNI 100% Compostable Bags
- Made from cornstarch & plant starch
- Great for home composters
- Compliant with ASTM D6400 & EN 13432
3. Hippo Sak Kitchen Bags
- Durable + made using wind energy
- USA-made, eco-packaging with strong bottom seal
4. Green Earth Compostable Bags
- Certified compostable
- Available in various sizes (small kitchen to commercial)
5. BioBag Compostable Trash Bags
- Trusted brand for years
- Suitable for yard and garden waste
How to Use Compostable Bags the Right Way
- Check your bag’s certification: Only use BPI-certified or ASTM D6400-compliant bags.
- Dispose of it correctly: Don’t toss it in the recycling bin. Compost it in a green bin or home compost (if certified).
- Avoid contamination: Keep plastic, foil, and liquids out of your compost bag.
- Educate your staff or household: Especially important for cafes, restaurants, and offices.
How Compostable Bags Can Help Reduce Plastic Waste and Protect the Planet?
Compostable Bags: More Than Just a Product — A Statement
For businesses in Canada’s F&B or retail sectors, switching to compostable packaging does more than reduce waste:
- Builds eco-conscious branding
- Attracts green-minded customers
- Future-proofs your business amid growing plastic bans
- Helps you stand out in a competitive market
Show your customers that you care not just by saying it, but by packaging it.
Conclusion
So, Are Biodegradable Bags Compostable? Not always. Only certified compostable bags are guaranteed to break down safely and quickly without polluting the environment. Don’t be misled by vague “biodegradable” claims.
